This section is redundant with the CH chapter.

-And for much more extension see Calt, Catic, etc.

-Maybe comment here piston engines are described in some publications as "Huo-Sai" and in others as "Hou-Sai".

"Huo Sai, written by courtesy of Cindy Kam"

-Thus we see that the HS-6 radial engine is a copy of the Ivchenko AI-14R. Another one is the HS-7, which is the ASh-82FN made under Russian Shvetsov license.

-The Chinese PF-1 engine was a copy of the Klimov VK-1F turbojet for the MiG-15s manufactured in China.

-The WP-5 to WP-13F, which were built under Russian license in Chengdou and Liyang, were used in military aircraft. WP = Wo-Pen, turbojet.

-The WS or turbofan were the WS-5 and -6. The WS-9 is the RR Spey built under license.

-In the WZ or turboshaft range was the WZ-5, for example.

-In the rocket range, there have been countless engines and most of them were of Russian and some of French origin.

-These rocket engines used solid or liquid fuel.

From appendix 9: See:
CALT,
Carec,
Catic,
CEC,
Avic 1 and 2,
Beijing Wan Yuan,
China Academy of Aerospace (4a Academia),
CAALPT,
China Great Wall Ind.,
China Nat. Aero Eng (Carec),
Catic (China Aero Technology Imp., Export-Import), (Qouzhou, Cheng-Dou -CEC y CEF-,Shangai, Xiang, Liyang, Harbin, Shengyang, etc).

-By each of these names you can see the production of each factory. It is a conglomerate of companies gathered around the Export-Import company.

-It is really hard to keep track of these companies and engines. Therefore the details in this edition are mentioned as they have been achieved.

-All Chinese companies, just like in Russia, have built some engines of the same model with the same specification: HS-6, WP-13, WZ-8, etc.

-Here we include the explanation of the Chinese engine references:
-HS = Huo-Sai (Piston engine)
-WJ = Wo Jiang (Turbo-Prop)
-WP = Wo Pen (Turbo-Jet)
-WS = Wo Shai (Turbo-Fan)
-WZ = Wo Zhou (Turbo-Shaft)

-The construction of powerful military engines, including the M-11 five-cylinder radial, has almost entirely been based on Russian engine projects.

-The same with turbines, and also rocket engines.

"First Chinese turbojet, PF-1"

-The first Chinese turbojet was based on the VK-1, which in turn was a copy of the RR Nene. It was an engine with separate chambers that had clear references to the aforementioned engines, and in particular the WP-5.

-These engines were made at the Shenyang factory. They were called PF-1 and would be fitted on the native JJ-1 combat aircraft. They delivered 1,600 Kgf of thrust. This was in 1956.

"Shenyang factory"

-The second native turbojet engine design was the "Hong Qi-2" (Red Flag) that delivered 5,000 kg of thrust, with a power increase of 50% compared to the original Russian engine.

-The first "Red Flag" ran in 1959. Shortly after that it was replaced on "Dong Feng" DF-113 fighters by a turbojet engine with reference "814" of which we have no illustration.

-Now we make a small review of the most significant products with the latest received photographs:

"Avic HS-8"

"WS-6, from Catic and Avic"

"WS-9"

"WS-15"

"WP-7 turbojet"

"Catic WP-8"

"WP-13 from Catic, Avic or Cec"

-For rocket engines you can have a look at: the "4th Academy" Beijing Wan Juang subordinate to the Calt (Caalpt) or the "China Great Wall Industry"