Volvo Aero began in Trollhättan with Nohab Flygmotor Nohab Flygmotor, (see), but there is a little-known fact that in the same town of Trollhättan, the Nydqvist & Holm company, a railway equipment manufacturer, received a government order (the Swedish Board of Aviation) to build 40 aircraft engines.

-This occurred in 1930 and may have coincided with the birth of Nohab Flygmotor.

-The Nohab Flygmotor became the Svenska Flygmotor in 1941.

-At the end of WWII, the Svenska company was acquired by Volvo and Bofors. In 1970, Volvo acquired it and changed its name to Volvo Flygmotor, and later it became Volvo Aero.

-Volvo Aero is now GKN Aerospace Engine Systems after its acquisition by the British GKN in 2012.

-During the time of Nohab Flygmotorfabriker AB, as the company was called, the first engine was manufactured, a My-VIIA, which was also called the Pegasus II.

“Pegasus II Assembly”

-It manufactured engines under license from Daimler-Benz during the war.

-It also manufactured propellers, leading to the STWC3 engine in 1941, designed from three damaged American engines, as such information could not be obtained from the original manufacturer during wartime.

-Furthermore, as we know, Sweden also supplied material to the Germans.

“Copying the American Engine”

-The dimensions of all its parts were taken, and the material treatments were identified.

-In 1945, it presented the Trollet (derived from the name of the city). In the following photograph, we see it at the Paris Exhibition.

“Presentation of the Trollet, cutaway”

- Thus, after manufacturing the Daimler-Benz-Bristol and Pratt & Whitney engines, a wealth of experience was accumulated, and in 1947 the company began manufacturing turbines, licensed by DeHavilland.

- These engines were the Goblin and Ghost. With Rolls-Royce, it also obtained licenses to build Avon engines for its Air Force, such as the RM-5 and RM-6C (Avon 300).

“The Goblin III was Volvo's RM-1A”

- The Goblin II was the RM-1. The RM1A was intended for the Vampire DH100 F1, which in Sweden would be known as the J28A.

-The RM-2 would also be produced from the DeHavilland Ghost 50, of which no fewer than 800 engines would be delivered to Saab by 1951.

-With Pratt & Whitney, it made the JT8D as well as the RM-8. The RM8A for the Viggen.

-Later, it made components for the PW-2000 and PW-4000.

-It has made parts and components for other major brands. For Rolls-Royce, it makes parts for the Tay, Trent, and V2500.

-While it made the RM-8A engine for the Viggen, it prepared the RM-8B for the J-37.

-It also obtained the GE-404 license from General Electric to make the RM-12 for the Grippen. It now makes parts for the GE-414 for the F-18E/F.

-With Garrett, it developed the TFE-1042 twin-shaft turbofan, which they build jointly.

“TFE-1042”

-It also developed its own designs, such as those for four- and six-cylinder horizontal piston engines.

-The Trollet F-451A was a four-cylinder engine that gave 125/145 hp at 2,300 rpm. They were built between 1946 and 1952.

-The reference of the six-cylinder engine is unknown, but it was rated at 210 hp. It is believed to have been under development during those same years.

“DR-990 Assembly”

-Later, around 1989, it acquired United Turbines, a company specializing in industrial turbines, etc., and built its engines under the Volvo logo. These included DR-990, GT-110, and KTT-150 engines.

-From the list of previous collaborations, those with BMW on the BR-715, the CF6 with GE, and the CFM56 and GE90-115B with Snecma are missing.

-And the GP-7000, subcontracted by MTU.

-It performs maintenance and overhauls up to (general) overhaul of the GE CT-7, the Honeywell GTCP-85, and the TFE-731.

-For Pratt & Whitney, it also provides the same MRO (Maintenance Repair and Overhaul) service for the JT8D, JT9D, JT15D, PW-100, and PW-4000 engines.

-Now we come to the special rocket engines that Volvo is testing near Malmö.

-From the early days, we know of the VR-35, which used liquid fuel but was "prepackaged," meaning it could be stored and charged. It ran on nitric acid and Hydyna.

“El VR-35”

- It also experimented with ramjets such as the RRX1 and RRX5 from RR-Bristol, built under license and already discussed in this publication.

“Thruster”

- Currently, as part of both Swedish and European space programs, it is involved in the manufacture of engines such as the following:

- With the Swedish Space Corporation, Volvo has formed a company called ECAPS to create small rocket engines with environmentally friendly or “friendly,” non-toxic fuels based on ADN or ammonium-dinitramide.

- In other words, “green propulsion” for satellite maneuvers.

- With Europe, it was involved in the construction of the Viking rocket engine used in the first launchers of the ESA (European Space Agency).

- Later, it made the Vulcain and now the Vulcain 2. Also the high-altitude Vinci (see Snecma).

-With Pratt & Whitney, they manufacture parts such as the sandwich nozzle (regenerative) for the ARTDE.

-Finally, and as a curiosity, Volvo Penta outboard marine engines have been seen in small helicopters, such as the one shown at the 2005 Forum in Barcelona.

"Volvo Penta 3-cylinder fitted on helicopter"

-Volvo's recent production and collaboration with other international brands can be defined as follows.

-It does this in whole engines or in parts such as the intermediate rings, which are always very complex.

-Reviewing, we have:

-The RM12 military engine, licensed by General Electric and installed on the Gripen aircraft. Most of the parts are built, and the final assembly of the complete engine is carried out.

"RM12, 18,100 lbf thrust"

-Also licensed by GE, the F414 is manufactured for the F/A-18E/F, and engine parts are made.

-It delivers 22,000 lbf thrust with afterburner.

“F414”

-For the space program, it produces the LOX and LH2 turbopumps and the combustion chamber nozzles for the Vulcain and Vulcain 2 rocket engines.

“Vulcain nozzles”

-The commercial aircraft engines it primarily works on are:

“Trent 500”

-With the Trent 500, it collaborates with Rolls-Royce, and it is intended for the Airbus 340 500 and 600 series. Volvo makes the rings.

“Trent 900”

- With R-R, they manufacture complex parts such as the intermediate crankcase for the Trent 900. Destined for the Airbus 380.

“BR-715”

- For the BR-715 engine of RR Deutschland, they also manufacture parts for the Boeing B-717 and MD-95.

“CFM-56”

- With Snecma and for the B-737 and various Airbuses, they manufacture various parts such as the LPT low-pressure turbine housing, low-pressure turbine blades, and the low-pressure turbine shaft.

“GE90”

- For Snecma and for the GE90, the compressor hub and housing.

“CF6-80”

-The CF6 in the photo was made with GE for the MD-11 and several Airbuses. It was used in the compressors, fan, and LPT turbine.

“JT8D-200”

-With Pratt & Whitney, on the JT8D-200 for the MD-80. It also made several parts.

“V2500”

-On the V2500 and for P&W, the bearing housings, the LPT turbine casing, and the TEC (Turbine Exhaust Casing).

“PW2000”

-The PW2000s have been installed on Boeing B-737s and the C-17 transport.

“PW4000”

-The hubs, discs, rear supports, and TEC turbine exhaust casing, for Pratt & Whitney.

-For the Boeing 747/767/777 and the Airbus A300/A310/A330.

-With all the experience they have, they also work on industrial turbines such as the VT4400DLE, delivering 4400 kW (ISO).

“VT4400DLE”

From Appendix 6: An article was found about the adaptation of a 3-liter, 185-hp, V-6 Volvo car engine.

-it was carried out by Lars Bromberg with the help of experts from the brand.

-The air conditioning was eliminated, and the fuel supply system, pumps, etc., were duplicated.

-Large mufflers and a four-blade Hoffman propeller, along with a belt reduction gear that lowered the revolutions from 5,250 to 1,750 rpm (3:1), made for very quiet operation, specifically to meet that country's stringent environmental standards.

-It was installed on a Piper Pawnee crop duster used for glider towing, i.e., constant low-altitude flights up to approximately 800 meters.

“Lars, the Pawnee, and the Volvo Engine”

This combination of a Pawnee aircraft and a Volvo engine was called the PiVo.

Volvo Flygmotor (formerly SFA) developed the TFE-1042 together with Garrett. We have other interesting images of the engine.

“Volvo-Garret TFE-1042”

“The TFE-1042 from both sides”

As a derivative of the TFE-731 (see Garrett), its thrust was improved for military use.

The TFE-1042-5 produced 3,280 lbf of thrust.

The TFE-1042-6 produced 4,574 lbf of thrust.

-The TFE-1042-7 reached 4,410 lbf.

-But the same TFE-1042-7 with afterburner boost reached 7,455 lbf.

“Cross-section of the TFE-1042, further on the right the afterburner"

-At the 2009 Paris Air Show, we obtained a beautiful photograph of the Vulcain engine in which Volvo was involved in constructing the nozzle.

“Testing a Volvo-Vulcain”

“Fantastic photo of a cluster in operation”

From Appendix 9: The new ramjets may no longer look like a bulging, teardrop-shaped duct, but rather like a chamber with the air ducts projecting at a certain angle into the chamber-duct. We saw this in the ONERA chapter—which is also involved in this work—and now at Volvo.

"Volvo Ramjet on the Experimental Bench"

This ramjet has been named "Aquavit" and is named after Professor Sjoblom, according to a 1989 study.

This study joins the other projects carried out in France by ONERA (see A-Z). The CNRS/Ecole Central project from 1993 and the Montazel ​​LIC (Lateral Injection Combustor) engine from 1992.

It also coincides with the 1986 study by Nossier & Bechar, which focused on the study of two-dimensional phenomena.