Dr. Kronach designed ramjet engines using coal, at the end of WWII, when the shortage of petroleum fuels in Germany was notorious.

-Due to this shortage, the German ingenuity was sharpened and projects such as the Lippisch LiP 13b appeared. It consumed carbon tablets in a kind of “rotating basket” that was spinning inside the ramjet-fuselage and offering the fuel still unburned during its rotation. See Lippisch.

“Lippisch LiP 13b -drawing Midland Books-”

-Lippisch conceived two models with this system, 13a and 13b, which remained as a project only.

-The 13th used a fixed basket full of coal inside the air duct.

The oxygen passes through the solid fuel, burning CO (carbon monoxide) which will combine with the oxygen in the air that passes through the free portions of the duct to form CO2 or carbon dioxide.

-The combustion starts with a flame of gas or liquid fuel (fuel).

-In the 13b version the basket rotates at 60 rpm.

-These engines were known as Kronach-Lorin, probably for using some concept from the latter.