Pioneer, although after Goddard of trials with rocket engines.

-He tested them on a California beach before the US Army became interested and conducted the following tests in official facilities.

"Rocket engine from Cleve H. Shaffer at the NASM"

-It seems that Cleve Herbert Shaffer was a member of the German Society for Space Travel (Der Verein für Raumschiffahrt or VIR).

-In 1931 he already made tests but with the disappearance of the Society in 1933, the material was dispersed or destroyed.

-Some parts were purchased by Cleve, like the repulsor nozzle shown below.

"VIR repulsor nozzle"